Internal organization of the Alpha 21164, a 300-MHz 64-bit quad-issue CMOS RISC microprocessor
John H. Edmondson, P.I. Rubinfeld, Peter Bannon, B.J. Benschneider, Debra Bernstein, Ruben W. Castelino, Elizabeth Cooper, D.E. Dever, D.R. Donchin, T.C. Fischer, Anil Kumar Jain, Shekhar Mehta, J. Meyer, Ronald P. Preston, Vidya Rajagopalan, C. Somanathan, Scott A. Taylor, G.M. Wolrich · 1995
A new CMOS microprocessor, the Alpha 21164, reaches 1,200 mips/600 MFLOPS (peak performance). This new implementation of the Alpha architecture achieves SPECint92/SPECfp92 performance of 345/505 (estimated). At these performance levels, the Alpha 21164 has delivered the highest performance of any commercially available microprocessor in the world as of January 1995. It contains a quad-issue, superscalar instruction unit; two 64-bit integer execution pipelines; two 64-bit floating-point execution pipelines; and a high-performance memory subsystem with multiprocessor-coherent write-back caches. OVERVIEW OF THE ALPHA 21164 The Alpha 21164 microprocessor is now a product of Digital Semiconductor. The chip is the second completely new microprocessor to implement the Alpha instruction set