What Makes People Continue Using AI Speakers: Focusing on Anthropomorphism and Dual-Process Models
Soo-Hyun Jun · The Journal of Internet Electronic Commerce Resarch · 2026
Our research contributes to theoretical knowledge of human-AI speaker interactions by demonstrating the importance of integrating two major theories: anthropomorphism and dual-process models. This study finds that anthropomorphism positively affects perceptions of both utilitarian aspects (i.e., ease of use, usefulness) and emotional aspects (i.e., enjoyment, intimacy). Additionally, these perceptions positively impact the intention to continue using AI speakers. This study also finds that perceptions of utilitarian and emotional aspects play mediating roles between anthropomorphism and the intention to continue using AI speakers. Our study findings suggest that human-computer interaction can satisfy two basic needs typically fulfilled by humans in everyday life: the need to experience competence (e.g., utilitarian aspects) and the need for fun and social connection (e.g., emotional aspects). These findings suggest that when studying the anthropomorphism of AI speakers, researchers should adopt dual-process models that encompass both utilitarian and emotional aspects.