3D Diffusion Modeling for Volumetric Medical Image Super-Resolution
Akeel Qadir, Saad Arif, Mohammad Maroof Siddiqui, Abid Iqbal · IEEE Access · 2026
This study focuses on the three-dimensional (3D) medical image super-resolution to improve spatial resolution and structural fidelity in volumetric imaging systems. It presents a simulation assessment of a 3D diffusion-based probabilistic model of volumetric medical image super-resolution. In contrast to traditional convolutional or interpolation-based methods, the suggested approach relies on the idea of an iterative denoising diffusion process that allows for gradually restoring high-resolution volumes on the basis of damaged low-resolution ones. MATLAB was used to create synthetic volumetric datasets that can be degraded by spatial downsampling and additive Gaussian noise. The diffusion chain in the reverse direction restores finer details of the structure in depth, height, and width, which guarantees the volumetric coherence. Quantitative measures (peak signal-to-noise ratio, structural similarity index measure, and root mean square error) and qualitative measures (visualization of slices, error maps, frequency domain analysis, intensity plots, and 3D iso surface visualization) were used to conduct a comprehensive study in simulation. Findings indicate that there is convergence stability, better high-frequency retention, smaller reconstruction error, and improved statistical consistency compared to corrupted volumes. The suggested framework provides a repeatable simulation environment to verify diffusion-based volumetric super-resolution and highlights the theoretical capability of probabilistic reverse diffusion modeling to develop high-quality 3D medical image reconstruction.