Pixel-Based Reconfigurable Antennas: A Method to Realize High-Speed Fluid Antenna Systems
J Junyi Zhang, Junhui Rao, Chi-Yuk Chiu · 2025
Fluid Antenna Systems (FASs) are attractive candidates for 6G communication. By leveraging position reconfigurability of antennas, FAS can generate significant spatial diversity, thus achieve superior performance under complex wireless environments. Traditional antenna designs in FAS use motors or liquid mechanisms for position reconfiguration, which suffers from slow switching speeds; alternatively, meta-fluid antennas enable faster switching but yield low spatial sampling density. This paper presents a pixel-based reconfigurable antenna (PRA) design methodology for FAS, adapting to requirements across various frequency bands and antenna configurations. Analogous to the spatial correlation in FAS ports, PRA focuses on radiation pattern correlation across all reconfigurable states. By integrating RF switches into the optimization of pixel connections, a trade-off between energy loss and complexity can be achieved in the PRA design. This method is applicable to various FAS configurations, highlighting its great potential for future PRA-FAS designs.