Robotics and Artificial Intelligence: Applications of AI in Robotic Technologies
K.Y. Rokde, S. S. Shende · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · 2026
Artificial Intelligence (AI) focuses on enabling machines to exhibit intelligence, allowing them to perform tasks that traditionally required human cognitive abilities. AI-driven systems are rapidly advancing in terms of functionality, adaptability, processing efficiency, and overall capabilities. These systems possess the ability to plan, learn reason, solve problems, and make decisions, enabling machines to handle an increasing number of non-routine tasks. AI can be characterized as the process of selecting an appropriate decision at the right moment, whereas human intelligence is often described as the ability to arrive at an optimal decision at the appropriate time. Since their inception, robotic systems have evolved through multiple developmental stages. Early robots were designed primarily to execute predefined, repetitive tasks. During this phase, machine learning and AI served as the foundational technologies supporting robotic functions. Robotics has since progressed to enhance machine intelligence by incorporating elements of human-like perception, particularly vision, enabling systems to recognize and interpret complex inputs. Achieving robotic vision comparable to human vision requires extensive algorithms and large volumes of data. While many robotic systems can operate without AI, it is theoretically possible to develop robots that demonstrate intelligent behaviour. This study examines the distinctions between artificial intelligence and robotics and explores the role of AI in advancing robotic technologies.