The Relationship Between the Use Habits of Generative AI and Perceived Autonomy
Adrianmary Otitochukwu Unachukwu · Lithuanian University of Health Sciences · 2026
The rapid development of generative AI has transformed how individuals interact with digital technologies, particularly in contexts involving learning, creativity, and problem-solving. This study aimed to examine the relationship between generative AI use habits and perceived autonomy in adults. Specifically, the study investigated patterns of AI use, levels of autonomy satisfaction, and the association between these variables, while also considering perceived control and demographic factors. A cross-sectional design was employed, and data was collected from 200 participants using an online questionnaire. Generative AI use habits were assessed using a researcher-developed scale, while perceived autonomy was measured using the autonomy satisfaction subscale of the Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale. Additional items were included to evaluate perceived control in AI interactions. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, Mann Whitney U-tests, and Spearman’s correlation analyses. The results indicated that generative AI is moderately integrated into participants’ daily lives, with higher usage reported in learning and creative contexts. Participants reported autonomy satisfaction scores slightly above the midpoint, suggesting a generally preserved sense of self-direction. A significant positive relationship was found between general AI use and autonomy satisfaction. In contrast, no significant relationships were observed between autonomy and specific types of AI use. Overall, the findings suggest that generative AI functions as a supportive tool that can coexist with perceived autonomy, while also introducing elements of reliance. The relationship between AI use and autonomy appears to depend more on the extent of engagement than on specific contexts of use. Keywords generative AI, perceived autonomy, cognitive offloading, human–AI interaction, self-determination theory