Explainable and Human-Centered AIoT: A Systematic Review of Integration, Interaction, and Impact
Adolfo Antenor Jurado Rosas, Marina Fernández Miranda, Gladys Ligia Peña Pazos, Elberth Enrique García Panta, Carlos Alberto Ramos Reyes, Milagros del Pilar Córdova de Chang, José Halbert Chang Valdiviezo, Olga Patricia Gamarra Chirinos, Carlos Eduardo Esquerre Aguirre · Future Internet · 2026
This study analyzes the transition of the Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) toward a Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence (HCAI) approach. Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, a Systematic Literature Review was conducted on 1 April 2026, retrieving literature from Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, and Springer Nature Link. The inclusion criteria prioritized open-access, peer-reviewed English articles published between 2020 and 2025 that addressed AIoT architectures and explainability mechanisms. The screening procedure involved a dual independent review process, followed by a rigorous methodological quality assessment to minimize the risk of bias, culminating in a final sample of 40 studies from an initial pool of 971 records. The findings reveal a structural paradox: while intelligent systems achieve greater operational autonomy, legal and moral accountability remains inexorably bound to the human operator. Furthermore, 77.5% of the evaluated implementations employ superficial explainability, functioning merely as a psychological buffer to manage automation anxiety rather than providing a genuine interactive control mechanism. It is concluded that programming based on HCAI principles must shift from a post hoc feature to an inherent architectural requirement. Establishing explainability by design is imperative to guarantee an interactive audit capability that comprehensively safeguards operational integrity and preserves human agency, although the exclusive reliance on open-access literature limits visibility into proprietary commercial models.