The Intersection of Explainable Artificial Intelligence and Human-Computer Interaction: A Systematic Literature Review
Arthur Picard, Yazan Mualla, Fatima-Zahrae El-Qoraychy, Franck Gechter, Syrine Haddad, Sarah Ghidalia, Stéphane Galland · International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction · 2026
The intersection of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) and Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) holds significant potential to enhance transparency, trust, and usability in AI systems. This article presents a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of 70 relevant studies at their intersection, examining how XAI improves human-AI interaction. Our findings highlight a marked increase in publications post-2016, mainly focused on connectionist AI models and graphical and textual explanations. However, symbolic and hybrid AI approaches, as well as multimodal explanations, remain comparatively underexplored. We identify opportunities to diversify AI methodologies, innovate multimodal explanation techniques, and incorporate ethical, social, and regulatory considerations into XAI design. The review also highlights the need for standardized evaluation frameworks integrating both objective metrics (e.g., accuracy) and subjective user experiences (e.g., trust, adaptability). This work highlights future directions for XAI-HCI research and the need for stronger human-centered evaluation for real-world deployment.