Distributing Stationary Qubit Entanglement through a Nonlocal Squeezed Reservoir
A. Andrés-Juanes, J. Agustí, Riya Sett, Elena S. Redchenko, Lucky N. Kapoor, Samarth Hawaldar, Peter Rabl, J. M. Fink · Physical Review X · 2026
The distribution of entanglement across distant qubits is a central challenge for the operation of scalable quantum computers and large-scale quantum networks. Existing approaches rely on deterministic state transfer, or probabilistic protocols that require active control or measurements and postselection. Here, we demonstrate a fundamentally different, fully autonomous process, where two remote qubits are entangled through their coupling to a quantum-correlated photonic reservoir. In our experiment, a Josephson parametric converter produces a Gaussian, continuous-variable entangled state of propagating microwave fields that drives two spatially separated superconducting transmon qubits into a stationary, discrete-variable entangled state. We also show how qubit tomography unlocks a direct and sensitive verification of two-mode squeezing in the microwave domain. These results establish networks of qubits interfaced with distributed continuous-variable entangled states as a powerful platform for foundational studies and quantum-technology applications.