Simulating the kill chain: A lab-based exploration of active directory attacks from initial access to domain compromise
M. Sandhya, Gyandeep, Leninisha Shanmugam · 2026
Microsoft Active Directory (AD), the cornerstone of Identity and Access Management (IAM) in many organizations, faces a constant barrage of cyber threats. This research delves into the vulnerabilities of AD environments through a meticulously constructed lab simulation. The lab meticulously replicates the stages of a cyber kill chain, starting with initial access attempts and culminating in domain compromise. By simulating real-world attack scenarios, this study offers a hands-on exploration of prevalent attack vectors like Kerberoasting, Pass-the-Hash, and Golden Ticket Attacks. It meticulously documents the impact of these attacks, providing invaluable insights for security professionals. Furthermore, the research goes beyond mere analysis by crafting robust mitigation strategies tailored to each identified threat vector. This paper serves as a valuable resource for organizations seeking to fortify their AD security posture. By proactively addressing security misconfigurations and implementing practical defence mechanisms against diverse attack vectors, organizations can significantly enhance their defences and safeguard against potential breaches. Ultimately, this research not only bridges the gap between theory and practice but also empowers organizations to effectively secure their Active Directory environments in the face of evolving cyber threats.