Profiles of Chinese as a foreign language teachers’ perceptions on generative artificial intelligence: antecedents and outcomes
Xuan Zang, Nuoen Li, Yu Liang · Asia Pacific Journal of Education · 2026
This study used Latent Profile Analysis to identify foreign language teachers’ perception profiles of Generative AI (GenAI), revealing three distinct profiles: Sceptical Adopters with moderate negative perceptions (i.e. anxiety and risk) and ease of use, and the lowest levels of other positive perceptions (i.e. usefulness, controllability, confirmation, and satisfaction), Confident Enthusiasts with the lowest negative and high positive perceptions, and Cautious Optimists with high levels of both positive and negative perceptions. Personal and environmental factors significantly influenced these profiles. Confident Enthusiasts had the highest intention to continue using GenAI, followed by Cautious Optimists, whose intention was higher than that of Sceptical Adopters. The study highlights the need for technology acceptance theories to consider the coexistence of positive and negative perceptions in influencing technology adoption.