Ömsesidiga förklaringar: En förklaringsteknik för human-AI-samarbete inom konceptutveckling
Hegemann, Lena · Aaltodoc (Aalto University) · 2020
Advancements in creative artificial intelligence (AI) are leading to systems that can actively work together with designers in tasks such as ideation, i.e. the creation, development, and communication of ideas. In human group work, making suggestions and explaining the reasoning behind them as well as comprehending other group member’s explanations aids reflection, trust, alignment of goals and inspiration through diverse perspectives. Despite their ability to inspire through independent suggestions, state-of-the-art creative AI systems do not leverage these advantages of group work due to missing or one-sided explanations. For other use cases, AI systems that explain their reasoning are already gathering wide research interest. However, there is a knowledge gap on the effects of explanations on creativity. Furthermore, it is unknown whether a user can benefit from also explaining their contributions to an AI system. This thesis investigates whether reciprocal explanations, a novel technique which combines explanations from and to an AI system, improve the designers' and AI's joint exploration of ideas. I integrated reciprocal explanations into an AI aided tool for moodboard design, a common method for ideation. In our implementation, the AI system uses text to explain which features of its suggestions match or complement the current moodboard. Occasionally, it asks for user explanations providing several options for answers that it reacts to by aligning its strategy. A study was conducted with 16 professional designers who used the tool to create moodboards followed by presentations and semi-structured interviews. The study emphasized a need for explanations that make the principles of the system transparent and showed that alignment of goals motivated participants to provide explanations to the system. Also, enabling users to explain their contributions to the AI system facilitated reflection on their own reasons.