High Availability Network Fundamentals
Chris Oggerino · International Linear Collider · 2001
Part I Introduction to Availability Chapter 1 Introduction to High Availability Networking Why Do We Need High Availability? What Is High Availability? Attracting and Keeping Internet Customers High Availability and Government Regulation Presenting and Describing High Availability Measurements The Percentage Method The Defects per Million Method MTBF, MTTR, and Availability Relating the Percentage and DPM Methods Additional Considerations in Measuring Availability Analyzing Time Spent in Network Outages Chapter 2 The Basic Mathematics of High Availability Determining the Availability of Network Device Components Estimating MTTR of a Network The Availability Equation and Network Device Components Availability and Uptime/Downtime Determining the Availability of a Single Component Determining the Availability of Multiple Components Serial Availability Simple Parallel Availability N + 1 Parallel Availability Serial/Parallel Availability Determining Data Flow in a Network: Path Analysis Using Reliability Block Diagrams for Path Analysis Chapter 3 Network Topology Fundamentals Serial Topology Parallel Topology Serial/Parallel Topology Summary Part II Predicting Availability Chapter 4 Factors That Affect Availability Predicting Hardware Availability MTBF and MTTR Calculating the Availability of a Simple Network Device Calculating the Availability of a Redundant Single System Calculating the Availability of a Network Segment Predicting Software Availability Calculating Software MTBF Examples of Including Software Availability Predicting Availability Considering the Environment MTBF and MTTR for Electrical Power Mitigating Power Loss Power Loss Summary Including Human Error and Process in Availability Calculations Historical Downtime Due to Human Error and Process Creating a Map of Downtimes Caused by Process Issues Incorporating Process Issues in Network Availability Predictions Mitigating Human Error Through Operations Process Human Error and Operation Process Summary Network Design Load Sharing Redundant Fail-over Mechanisms Standby Redundant Fail-over Mechanisms Examples of Fail-over Mechanism Calculations Summary References Used in This Chapter Chapter 5 Predicting End-to-End Network Availability: The Divide-and-Conquer Method The Divide-and-Conquer Steps A VoIP Network Example Step 1: Determine Scenarios and RBDs Step 2: Calculate the Availability of the Network Components Step 3: Scenario-by-Scenario Redundancy Computations Step 4: End-to-End Availability Calculations for Each Scenario Section Summary: The End-to-End Network Availability Results Designing Networks for Availability Goals Summary Part III Examples of Analyzing Real-World Availability Chapter 6 Three Cisco Products:An Availability Analysis Cisco uBR 924 Availability Calculations Cisco uBR 7246 Availability Calculations Cisco 12000 Availability Calculations Chapter 7 A Small ISP Network: An Availability Analysis The Small Internet Service Provider Network Scenario 1 of The Small ISP Example System Level Calculations for Scenario 1 The Network Availability for Scenario 1 Summary of Scenario 1 Scenario 2 of The Small ISP Example System Level Calculations for Scenario 2 The Network Availability for Scenario 2 Summary Chapter 8 An Enterprise Network: An Availability Analysis System Level Calculations for an Enterprise Network The Cisco 3600 Availability Calculations The Cisco 1538 Availability Calculations The Downtime from Lost Power for an Enterprise Network Network Calculations for an Enterprise Network The Parallel Component Calculations The Serial Availability Calculations Human Error and Process Contribution to Downtime in an Enterprise Network Summary Chapter 9 A Large VoIP Network: An Availability Analysis A VoIP over Cable Network The Availability Scenarios of VoIP over HFC Scenario 1: Data to the Internet Scenario 2: On Net Local Calling Scenario 3: Off Net Local Calling Scenario 4: Off Net Long Distance Calling A Final Note About Scenarios The System Level Calculations for VoIP over HFC The CPE Router System Level Calculations The Head-end Router System Level Calculations The Backbone Router System Level Calculations The Switch (8540) System Level Calculations The PSTN Gateway System Level Calculations The Assumed Availability Figures Network Level Availability Calculations Calculating Smaller Redundant Segments Small Serial Network Component Calculations Major Network Service Construct Availability The Internet Access Service Availability The Network Control Service Availability Power Contribution to Downtime PSTN Gateway Services Availability Computations Calculating Scenario Availability The Scenario 1 Calculations The Scenario 2 Calculations The Scenario 3 and 4 Calculations Summary Appendix A The Contents of the CD Computer Requirements Basic Instructions for Using the CD Chapter by Chapter Contents Using the SHARC Spreadsheet System Configuration Worksheet Procedure Index