Device-independent verification of controlled quantum controlled-not-gate teleportation
Yi-Ning Li, Neng-Fei Gong, Ru-Qing Zhang, Jing-Wei Wen, Tie-Jun Wang · Physical Review A · 2025
Controlled quantum gate teleportation (CQGT) enables controller-regulated quantum gate transmission in distributed networks. The current CQGT scheme faces security challenges as both genuine tripartite entanglement and insecure classical-quantum hybrid resources can achieve high standard metrics (fidelity or control power). In this paper, we propose a device-independent (DI) CQGT verification scheme using genuine tripartite nonlocality in black-box scenarios. In the quantum cnot gate teleportation, our DI verification scheme based on Svetlichny inequality achieved the maximum inequality violation, which is superior to the traditional Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) type scheme. It is crucial that we establish a direct relationship between Svetlichny inequality violation and the effective control power (ECP) of the controller in eavesdropping depolarization channels, where ECP corresponds to the maximum inequality violation. This work addresses critical security verification gaps in CQGT protocols while highlighting the fundamental role of multipartite nonlocality in quantum information processing.