Resource-Efficient Cross-Platform Verification with Modular Superconducting Devices
Kieran Dalton, Johannes Knörzer, Finn Hoehne, Yookyung Song, Alexander Flasby, Dante Colao Zanuz, Mohsen Bahrami Panah, Ilya S. Besedin, Jean-Claude Besse, Andreas J. Wallraff · PRX Quantum · 2025
Large-scale quantum computers are expected to benefit from modular architectures. Validating the capabilities of modular devices requires benchmarking strategies that assess performance within and between modules. In this work, we evaluate cross-platform verification protocols, which are critical for quantifying how accurately different modules prepare the same quantum state—a key requirement for modular scalability and system-wide consistency. We demonstrate these algorithms using a six-qubit flip-chip superconducting quantum device consisting of two 3-qubit modules on a single carrier chip, with connectivity for intra- and intermodule entanglement. We examine how the resource requirements of protocols relying solely on classical communication between modules scale exponentially with qubit number, and demonstrate that introducing an intermodule two-qubit gate enables subexponential scaling in cross-platform verification. This approach reduces the number of repetitions required by a factor of 4 for three-qubit states, with greater reductions projected for larger and higher-fidelity devices.