Exploring the reliability of IoT devices on low energy consumption without compromising data security
Nik Nor Muhammad Saifudin Nik Mohd Kamal, Ahmad Anwar Zainuddin, Nur Alya Aida Mohd Abu Bakar · 2025
The rapid expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) has introduced challenges in maintaining energy efficiency while ensuring robust security for resource-constrained devices. Conventional security mechanisms, such as cryptographic algorithms, impose computational overhead that may significantly increase energy consumption. This study explores strategies to optimize energy usage in IoT security implementations without compromising data protection. A comparative analysis of security protocols evaluates their energy efficiency trade-offs, while artificial intelligence (AI)-based optimization and blockchain integration are examined as potential solutions. The findings highlight the scalability challenges of blockchain and the effectiveness of metaheuristic algorithms in optimizing resource allocation. Additionally, Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS), Zero-Trust Architecture (ZTA), and multi-layer security frameworks are discussed as alternatives to enhance security beyond encryption. The study provides insights into balancing low-power consumption and cybersecurity in IoT ecosystems, offering a foundation for future research on scalable, lightweight security solutions for real-world deployments.