Enhancing confidence and enjoyment: the power of capstone projects in early childhood robotics
Rina Zviel-Girshin, Nathan Rosenberg, Ida Kukliansky · Research in Science & Technological Education · 2025
Background Educational robotics has emerged as a valuable approach to promoting STEM learning and problem-solving skills in early childhood education. However, there is limited empirical evidence on how structured, project-based approaches—particularly capstone projects—can influence young children’s engagement, confidence, and continued interest in technology and robotics.Purpose This study aims to investigate how Kindergarten and Grade 1 students participate in capstone projects within an early childhood robotics program, and how these projects impact their confidence in building and programming robots as well as their motivation to pursue further studies in technology and robotics.Sample The study involved a sample of 243 children aged 5 to 7 years, all of whom participated in an educational robotics and technology course that formed a mandatory part of their curriculum.Design and Methods A mixed-methods design was employed, combining both quantitative and qualitative analyses. Data were collected through individual and group interviews that explored children’s experiences, levels of confidence, and attitudes toward robotics before and after participating in the capstone project. The qualitative component examined patterns of engagement, collaboration, and creative problem-solving exhibited during project work.Results Findings indicate that implementing a capstone project in early childhood robotics education significantly enhances children’s confidence in building and programming robots. The project-based learning approach also increased students’ enjoyment and sense of achievement, motivating them to take on challenges beyond what is typically considered age-appropriate. The results demonstrate that even young learners can effectively engage in complex, creative, and collaborative STEM tasks when provided with structured, hands-on learning experiences.Conclusion Integrating a final capstone project into early childhood robotics programs provides a comprehensive and enriching learning experience. It fosters confidence, creativity, and sustained interest in technology, underscoring the value of incorporating project-based learning early in the educational journey.