Deep Learning Based Captioning of Toys in a Smart Monitoring System
Kritika Jindal, Govind Agarwal, Abishi Chowdhury, Vishal Krishna Singh, Rahmat Ullah, Mujeeb Ur Rehman, Amrit Pal · 2025
The domain of image captioning has attracted increased interest in recent times due to advancements in computer vision technology and the incorporation of deep learning models, specifically convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and recurrent neural networks (RNNs). These developments empower the creation of more precise and contextually comprehensive descriptions of images. This research aims to adapt deep learning to address the challenge of image captioning particularly for toys. A new dataset is curated in the research by sourcing copyright free images from websites featuring diverse categories of toys. Through augmentation techniques, the images are enhanced to promote dataset generalization and robustness, culminating in a comprehensive collection of images spanning distinct classes, each meticulously annotated with manually crafted captions. Feature extraction was performed using pre-trained VGG16, DenseNet201, ResNet50, and ResNet101. These models were fine-tuned to achieve optimal performance on the collected dataset. The language model utilized was LSTM. For extending the image captioning methodology to video captioning, YOLO was implemented to detect objects within video frames. Additionally, to assist visually impaired children and create a more inclusive environment, the captions were translated to audio using Google Text-to-Speech. The approach was evaluated with BLEU score and ResNet101+LSTM yielded the highest BLEU-1 score of 0.975825 outperforming the other proposed approaches.