Email Spam Detection with Machine Learning
Akash Ghadage, Chandrakant Gholave, Abhijeet Devkar, M. V. Naiknavare · International Journal of Advanced Research in Science Communication and Technology · 2025
Abstract: As the use of email grows for both personal and professional communication, spam emails pose a significant challenge, resulting in decreased productivity, security risks, and possible phishing scams. Conventional rule-based spam filters frequently fall short against advancing spam methods, rendering machine learning-based solutions more effective. The project named “Email Spam Detection Using Machine Learning” seeks to create a predictive system that categorizes emails as spam or legitimate (ham) by utilizing historical email data sets. The project is carried out in Python, utilizing libraries like Pandas for handling data, NumPy for mathematical calculations, and Scikit-learn for constructing and assessing machine learning models. The process includes data preprocessing, which consists of text cleaning, tokenization, removal of stop words, and feature extraction through methods like Bag-of-Words (Bow) and TF-IDF. Different machine learning algorithms, such as Naive Bayes, Decision Trees, Random Forests, and ensemble techniques, are developed and evaluated to determine the most precise method for spam detection. The trained model identifies if new emails are spam, assisting users in minimizing manual sorting, enhancing email security, and safeguarding against harmful content. This initiative showcases the real-world use of machine learning in cybersecurity and offers a scalable approach to tackle the issues created by changing spam emails.