An efficient authentication scheme for IoV based on an improved BLS signature algorithm
Mingming Sun, Li Cao, Guoli Zheng, Lingfeng Yang, Yu Jiong Gu, Junhan Zhang · Journal of Information Security and Applications · 2026
Aiming at the large-scale message authentication scenarios in IoV, existing schemes suffer from high resource overhead, complex certificate management, and insufficient security. In particular, the traditional batch verification architecture for BLS signatures relies on bilinear pairing operations, thereby confronting challenges of heavy computational burden and poor real-time performance. This paper proposes an efficient authentication scheme for IoV based on an improved BLS signature algorithm. The proposed design implements certificate-less key administration and high-performance batch verification through dual-element key pair generation that eliminates bilinear pairing computations, substantial reduction in both computational and communication costs is achieved, with concurrent support for instantaneous single-message validation and massive batch authentication. Experimental results demonstrate that the scheme reduces computational overhead by 33% on average and communication overhead by 41% on average. Comprehensive security assessment integrating formal and informal verification methodologies confirms the scheme's superior security characteristics and robust resistance against attacks, the solution satisfactorily meets multiple security objectives such as conditional privacy protection, message indistinguishability, and replay attack resilience.