Multimode Purcell filter for superconducting-qubit reset and readout with intrinsic Purcell protection
Xu-Yang Gu, Da’er Feng, Zhen-Yu Peng, Gui-Han Liang, Yang He, Yong-Xi Xiao, Ming-Chuan Wang, Yan Yu, Bing-Jie Chen, Zheng-Yang Mei, Yi-Zhou Bu, Jiachi Zhang, Jiacheng Song, Cheng-Lin Deng, Yun-Hao Shi, Xiaohui Song, Dongning Zheng, Kai Xu, Zhongcheng Xiang, Heng Fan · Physical Review Applied · 2026
Efficient qubit reset and leakage reduction are essential for scalable superconducting quantum computing, particularly in the context of quantum error correction. However, such operations often require additional on-chip components. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a hardware-efficient approach to qubit reset and readout using a multi-mode Purcell filter in a superconducting quantum circuit. We exploit the inherent multi-mode structure of a coplanar waveguide resonator, using its fundamental and second-order modes for qubit reset and readout, respectively, thereby avoiding additional components. Implemented in a flip-chip architecture, our device achieves unconditional reset with residual excitation below 1\% in 220 ns, and a leakage reduction unit that selectively resets the second excited state within 62 ns with a residual $|f\rangle$ population of 6.1\%, accounting for the readout error. Despite the qubits being directly coupled to the filter in our configuration, the measured relaxation times are not degraded owing to intrinsic Purcell protection provided by an auxiliary mode. To our knowledge, this is the first experimental trial that exploits different-order modes of a microwave resonator for distinct qubit operations, representing a new direction toward scalable, hardware-efficient quantum processor design.