Energy-Efficient Low-Dropout Regulator Architecture on Altera Cyclone II FPGA for Ultralow Power SoC Applications
B Sanju, S V Sandeep, Manjunatha G, S B Manoj Kumar · 2025
Power-efficient voltage regulation is a cornerstone of modern embedded SoC platforms, especially in applications such as IoT devices, portable electronics, and energy-constrained edge computing. This paper presents the design and implementation of a digitally controlled low-dropout (LDO) voltage regulator architecture on the Altera Cyclone II FPGA. The system leverages a Verilog-based control structure incorporating a PMOS pass element, error amplifier logic, and voltage feedback network to achieve high efficiency and rapid response under dynamic load conditions. Experimental validation through Quartus II and ModelSim confirms a voltage deviation of less than$\pm 1 \%$, low ripple, and fast transient recovery. The regulator maintains consistent performance across a range of supply and load variations, making it ideal for low-noise, ultra-low power SoC applications. This work offers a reconfigurable and scalable alternative to conventional analog LDOs and paves the way for adaptive digital power management in next-generation embedded systems.