IoT Integrated Blockchain-Based Pharmaceutical Cold Storage Management System: Enhancing Integrity and Traceability
Jhuma Dutta, Diptesh Karmakar, Subhas Barman, Matangini Chattopadhyay, Samiran Chattopadhyay · 2025
Maintaining integrity and traceability throughout the pharmaceutical cold chain logistics is critical to preserving the efficacy of temperature-sensitive products. Traditional tracking systems lack transparency and accurate monitoring, increasing risks of counterfeiting and adulteration that harm patient health. This paper proposes a blockchain-based cold storage management system that uses smart contracts and IoT sensors to securely monitor real-time temperature and quality parameters for pharmaceutical products. Optimized smart contracts automate processes and enforce predefined conditions, ensuring accountability and reducing transaction cost. Our approach leverages IPFS decentralized storage for transaction data, generating unique SHA-256 cryptographic hashes stored on the blockchain to optimize security and reduce gas costs. Transactions are validated through proof-of-stake consensus. The system provides a secure and transparent solution for pharmaceutical cold storage management while enhancing patient safety and contributing significantly to the medical sector.