Exploring Low-Latency Communication Protocols for Time-Sensitive Industrial Automation and Autonomous Vehicle Systems
Gaurav Jain, Rajshekhar Das, Dikshant Raj, Hitesh Mohapatra · 2025
This research focuses on the study of low-latency communication protocols for IoT applications. Particularly in autonomous vehicles and industrial automation, where the necessity of transferring real-time data with minimum latency increases as safety and critical factors increase. In this paper, we compare several different protocols for industrial automation and autonomous vehicles. The evaluation is based upon KPI’s like latency, reliability, and scalability. The results of this performance comparison study shows that for autonomous vehicles, 5G URLLC has the lowest latency indicating it’s real time capabilities, which is crucial for safety critical applications. In the case of industrial automation, we have observed that TSN performs better in distributed systems where reliability is essential. These results will help researchers and industry practitioners choose one by taking into account relevant application requirements. Consequently, by selecting the right communication protocols based on the requirements, it can be ensured that time sensitive IoT solutions will work efficiently.