Quantum-Secure Edge Computing for Internet of Things : A Cryptgraphic Framework
K.Kavitha Devi, Debojeet Kohar, S. Jeeva Mithran, Apurva Kaushik, Dishant Kaushik, Joson Raja · 2025
For a long time, we have used cryptographic methods such as RSA and ECC to protect the information. They rely on hard mathematical problems that are too difficult for normal computers to address alone. Now, because quantum computers are starting to be used, we may need a new kind of security. Quantum computers have the ability to run algorithms like Shor’s algorithm which are much faster at cracking RSA and ECC compared to ordinary computers. If this happens, the security we have used for so long might not function properly anymore. Because of these issues, a novel form of security, called quantum cryptography, has been introduced. Instead of using equations from math, it operates by the odd laws of quantum physics. The rules of quantum physics, like the uncertainty principle and the no-cloning rule, allow sharing secret keys so that any outsider can be detected at once. It relies on Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) and the BB84 and E91 methods are used for this. Even so, quantum cryptography is not fully flawless. You need special computers, it costs a lot to set up and it isn’t available everywhere yet. For this reason, people are also creating post-quantum cryptography which defends against quantum threats using regular computers instead of quantum hardware. In this system, will see how different traditional and quantum cryptography are, where each one excels and what innovations are likely to protect our data in the future, especially as quantum computers get more capable.