Privacy-Preserving and Simultaneous Authentication in High-Density V2x Networks
Morteza Azmoudeh Afshar, Nesrine Benchoubane, Busra Cayoren, Güneş Karabulut Kurt, Enver Ozdemır · 2025
The rapid expansion of Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) networks within the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) demands secure and efficient authentication to support high-speed, high-density and mobility-challenged environments. This paper presents a privacypreserving authentication scheme that incorporates batch authentication, mutual authentication, and secure key establishment, enabling users to authenticate one another without a central authority. Our proposed scheme facilitates simultaneous multi-user authentication, significantly enhancing scalability, robustness and security in dynamic IoV networks. Results from realistic implementations show that our method achieves average authentication and verification times of$\mathbf{1 0. 6 1 ~ m s}$and$\mathbf{1. 7 8 ~ m s}$, respectively, for a fleet of$\mathbf{1 0 0}$vehicles, outperforming existing methods. Scalability tests demonstrate efficient processing for larger groups of up to 500 vehicles, where average authentication times remain low, establishing our scheme as a robust solution for secure communication in IoV systems.