Information Theory Model Based on Electromagnetic Wave New Dimensions
Yuanhe Wang, Chao Zhang · 2025
Against the backdrop of increasingly scarce Electro-Magnetic (EM) spectrum resources, the demand for new dimensions of EM waves in future wireless communication and detection is gradually rising. Specifically, the new dimensions of EM waves include orbital angular momentum, magnetic field strength, and others. These new dimensions, with their distinct physical characteristics compared to traditional electric field strength, enhance the diversity gain and the number of orthogonal channels for communication and detection. However, current EM signal and information theory is predominantly based on binary-variable information theory for transmitting and receiving signals, lacking modeling methods for multi-dimensional EM wave communication and detection. To address this, this paper proposes a new-dimensional EM wave model based on information theory. The method proposed in this paper can serve as an optimization tool for EM signal and information theory in the context of new-dimensional EM waves, and is applicable to next-generation wireless communication physical layer core technologies such as vortex EM wave communication, intelligent reflective surfaces, and integrated communication-sensing systems.