First Glimpse on Physical Layer Security in Internet of Vehicles: Transformed From Communication Interference to Sensing Interference
Kaixuan Li, Kan Yu, Xiaowu Liu, Dingyou Ma, Qixun Zhang, Zhiyong Feng, Dong Li · IEEE Transactions on Communications · 2025
Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) plays a crucial role in the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), serving as a key factor in enhancing driving safety and traffic efficiency. To address the security challenges of the confidential information transmission caused by the inherent openness nature of wireless medium, different from current physical layer security methods, which depends on the additional communication interference costing extra power resources, in this paper, we investigate a novel physical layer security solution, under which the inherent radar sensing interference of the vehicles is utilized to secure wireless communications. To measure the performance of physical layer security methods in ISAC-based IoV systems, we first define an improved security performance metric called by transmission reliability and sensing accuracy based secrecy rate (TRSA_SR), and derive closed-form expressions of connection outage probability (COP), secrecy outage probability (SOP), success ranging probability (SRP) for evaluating transmission reliability, security and sensing accuracy, respectively. Furthermore, we formulate an optimization problem to maximize the TRSA_SR by utilizing radar sensing interference and joint design of the communication duration, transmission power and straight trajectory of the legitimate transmitter. Finally, the non-convex feature of formulated problem is solved through the problem decomposition and alternating optimization. Simulations indicate that the sensing interference utilization, combined with joint design of transmission power and straight trajectory of the transmitter, achieves a secrecy rate of 3.92bps/Hz for different noise powers for the case of perfect channel state information (CSI). The proposed method maintains robustness, achieving a 60.17% improvement of TRSA_SR under unavailable CSI and location information of the Eve.