A Survey of Spoofing Attacks in Satellite Navigation Systems: Recent Advances
Runyi Shi, Kao Xiao, Lundong Zhang · Journal of Technology Innovation and Engineering · 2025
Current satellite navigation systems (SNS) face not only natural interference such as hardware imperfections, propagation delays, and non-line-of-sight environments, but also human-induced interference such as jamming and spoofing. This survey provides a methodological synthesis and systematic analysis of the latest literature on spoofing in radio frequency attacks (RFA), aiming to understand the current research status and propose innovative methods. First, the spoofing process is divided into signal replacement and generation, and a differential message generation spoofing method is proposed. Additionally, different spoofing attack methods, their effects, and the vulnerability against spoofing in various scenarios are analyzed.