AI-IoT-blockchain synergy: A next-gen framework for smart cities
Muskan Aggarwal, Shikha Verma, Navneet Kaur, Jaspreet Kaur, Shikha Rani, Ashish Jolly · 2025
Rapid urbanization and rising population density present global cities with challenges like transportation congestion, ineffective resource management, environmental deterioration, and public safety issues. The Smart City concept has arisen as a disruptive solution, utilizing Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), and Blockchain to develop intelligent, efficient, and sustainable urban ecosystems. Still, standard smart city frameworks have problems with data security, scalability, making decisions in real time, and being able to work with other systems. It shows a mixed AI-IoT-blockchain smart city model that combines AI-powered prediction, IoT-enabled smart infrastructure, and blockchain-protected data transfers. Current models, like the European Smart City Model, the IBM Smarter Cities Initiative, India&s;s Smart Cities Mission, and Singapore&s;s Smart Nation Program, are looked at in the report, with a focus on their pros and cons. The suggested model is checked using a thorough process that includes big data analytics, simulation modeling, and digital twin technology. Even though these are good things, we still have problems, like high implementation costs, privacy concerns, and policy limits.