Fully Transparent, Privacy-Preserving Yet Verifiable, Attack-Resistant, and Practical Remote Electronic Voting Rendering Assured and Fair Elections
Nathan Swearingen, Xukai Zou, Ninghui Li · IEEE Transactions on Privacy · 2025
The prolonged COVID-19 pandemic during the 2020 U.S. general election highlighted the significant challenges and risks associated with voting in person at booths, leading to frustration, pain, and even life-threatening consequences. This unexpected crisis underscored the urgent need for a secure, accessible, and robust voting platform that enables voters to cast their ballots remotely with peace of mind. Building on our previous work [1], this paper presents a practical and resilient e-voting system designed to ensure enduring privacy through secret sharing. Voters can cast their ballots remotely without needing to visit a voting booth, while also having the ability to verify their individual plain/clear votes. The system allows anyone to tally and verify vote counts for all candidates both visually and technically, making the entire process—from ballot casting to tallying and verification—transparent and publicly accessible. The system is resistant to both insider misbehavior and external attacks. Additionally, the new e-voting technique incorporates an all-or-nothing principle, ensuring that no partial results are disclosed, and trust is evenly distributed among all participants. As a result, this technique provides a secure and fair solution for public elections.