Primex - Prime-Based Graph Encoding and Extraction for Information Fusion
KC Chang, Way Kuo, Yaakov Bar‐Shalom, Chee-Yee Chong, Shozo Mori · 2025
PRIMEX (PRIME-based Graph Encoding and Extraction for Information Fusion) is a novel framework designed to enhance distributed information fusion while minimizing communication overhead and computational complexity. Traditional information graph (IG)-based approaches require frequent synchronization and large-scale graph updates, leading to significant communication demands. PRIMEX overcomes these challenges by encoding information pedigree of state estimates as products of distinct prime numbers, allowing fusion to be performed using lightweight arithmetic operations such as greatest common divisor (GCD) for redundancy removal and least common multiple (LCM) for data integration. This eliminates the need for transmitting complex graph structures and instead leverages prime factorization-based queries to efficiently identify shared information, significantly improving scalability. PRIMEX is particularly well-suited for edge computing environments and decentralized systems, where reducing communication, computation, and memory overhead is crucial. By supporting federated learning principles, PRIMEX enhances system adaptability while preserving data privacy, making it a practical solution for scalable, distributed information fusion in applications such as autonomous systems, multi-agent networks, and large-scale sensing platforms.