Uncertainty Control in Microhardness Measurement: Integrating GUM, Monte Carlo, and IoT under ISO 6507-1:2023
Lei Che · International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems · 2025
This study innovatively integrates the GUM method with the Monte Carlo Method (MCM) within an IoT framework, offering a novel paradigm for evaluating the reliability of measurement systems under complex operating conditions. Based on ISO 6507-1:2023 “Metallic materials – Vickers hardness test – Part 1: Test method” (Chinese national standard GB/T 4340.1-2024 “Metallic materials – Vickers hardness test – Part 1: Test methods”), the study reveals that the combined standard uncertainty in micro Vickers hardness measurement is mainly influenced by the repeatability of the specimen measurement, the average value of the standard hardness block calibration of the hardness tester, the maximum permissible error of the standard hardness blocks, and the indentation measurement resolution. A mathematical model is established, and the GUM method is employed to complete the systematic evaluation of measurement uncertainty. To verify the reliability of the evaluation results, the Monte Carlo Method (MCM) was innovatively introduced to establish a probability distribution model for numerical simulation verification. After [Formula: see text] iterations, it was found that the differences in the expanded uncertainties ([Formula: see text]) obtained by the two methods were minimal, and the verification results were statistically consistent. The proposed evaluation model not only provides a robust error analysis framework for high-precision hardness measurement, but also lays a methodological foundation for the intelligent integration and application promotion of microhardness testing in the IoT environment.