Design and Comparative Analysis of CMOS, FSGDI, and MGDI-Based Ripple Carry Adders for Low Power VLSI Applications
Niranjan Manoj, Neric Joel A, J Rithish, Prathik Ram V, G Saisuriyaa · 2025
Ripple Carry Adder (RCA) design optimization is essential in order to achieve power efficient Very LargeScale Integration (VLSI) applications. Traditional RCA in Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technology has large transistor count, poor power dissipation, lengthy propagation in delay, and is generally not very well suited to today's lower power products. In this study, CMOS based RCA is compared with Full Swing Gate Diffusion Input (FS-GDI) and Modified Gate Diffusion Input (MGDI) on the basis of the most efficient design. Simulation results show that MGDI based RCA has lowest power consumption (1.484 W), reduced delay and balanced transistor usage compared to CMOS as well as FS GDI. The study shows that the MGDIbased RCA is the most energy efficient approach and it is a good fit for mobile, embedded, and IoT domains with a need of low power operation and high-performance computing.