The role of automated planning in battle management systems for military tactics
J. Caballero Testón, Olaya Pérez-Mon, Maria Dolores R-Moreno · Expert Systems with Applications · 2025
Urban warfare presents complex and dynamic challenges for modern military operations, demanding adaptive and responsive support systems. This study presents a Battle Management System (BMS) based on a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) integrated with an Artificial Intelligence (AI)-powered planner to address key operational issues such as task coordination, resource allocation, mobility management, energy optimization, and communication resilience. Unlike prior works, our study introduces a tightly coupled integration where real-time sensor data dynamically influences AI-generated plans, allowing mission adaptation under battlefield constraints. Our study covers the practical implementation of this AI-enhanced BMS, a showcase of its capabilities through comprehensive urban warfare simulations, its real-world validation at a military facility demonstrating its effectiveness in an operational setting, and a performance benchmarking against state-of-the-art planners, showing superior results in mission success, risk reduction, and resource efficiency. Our findings confirm that AI-driven planning, in conjunction with WSNs, can generate operational plans that address the unique demands of urban combat scenarios with high precision and efficiency.