HumanEval Pro and MBPP Pro: Evaluating Large Language Models on Self-invoking Code Generation Task
Zhaojian Yu, Yilun Zhao, Arman Cohan, Xiao-Ping Zhang · 2025
We introduce self-invoking code generation, a new task designed to evaluate the progressive reasoning and problem-solving capabilities of LLMs.In this task, models are presented with a base problem and a related, more complex problem.They must solve the base problem and then utilize its solution to address the more complex one.This work features three key contributions.First, we propose a general recipe for generating more challenging versions of existing benchmarks, resulting in three new benchmarks: HumanEval Pro, MBPP Pro, and BigCodeBench-Lite Pro, specifically designed to assess LLMs on selfinvoking code generation.Second, our analysis of more than twenty LLMs reveals two key observations: (i) Most LLMs excel in traditional code generation benchmarks, but their performance declines on self-invoking tasks.For example, o1-mini achieves 96.2% pass@1 on HumanEval but only 76.2% on HumanEval Pro.(ii) On self-invoking code generation task, the instruction-tuned models demonstrate only marginal improvements compared to the base models.Third, we disclose the types of failure modes observed in current models.All these results underscore the need for further advancements in self-invoking code generation tasks and provide a new direction for enhancing LLMs' code reasoning capabilities.