FactLens: Benchmarking Fine-Grained Fact Verification
Kushan Mitra, Dan Zhang, Sajjadur Rahman, Estevam Rafael Hruschka Junior · 2025
Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive capability in language generation and understanding, but their tendency to hallucinate and produce factually incorrect information remains a key limitation.To verify LLM-generated contents and claims from other sources, traditional verification approaches often rely on holistic models that assign a single factuality label to complex claims, potentially obscuring nuanced errors.In this paper, we advocate for a shift towards fine-grained verification, where complex claims are broken down into smaller sub-claims for individual verification, allowing for more precise identification of inaccuracies, improved transparency, and reduced ambiguity in evidence retrieval.However, generating sub-claims poses challenges, such as maintaining context and ensuring semantic equivalence with respect to the original claim.We introduce FactLens 1 , a benchmark for evaluating fine-grained fact verification, with metrics and automated evaluators of sub-claim quality.The benchmark data is manually curated to ensure high-quality ground truth.Our results show alignment between automated FactLens evaluators and human judgments, and we discuss the impact of sub-claim characteristics on the overall verification performance.