WSN Data Gathering Using TSP-Modified RNNs and Horse Herd Algorithm
Haider Abdulkarim, Marwa K. Farhan, Mustafa Ghanim, Ayman N. Muhi, Mohaimen Q. Algburi · Engineering Technology & Applied Science Research · 2025
Efficient data-gathering algorithms ensure efficient operation of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and prevent data loss. This study proposes the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) algorithm to gather WSN data. Two variants of the TSP are proposed and implemented, Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and Horse Herd Optizations (HHO), using the remaining node energy as a second factor in selecting the shortest data-gathering path in addition to node distance. The simulation results show that TSP based on RNN and the weighted sum of both distance and energy outperforms the classic TSP algorithm, shortening the overall path and maximizing the WSN lifetime.