An End-to-End Secure Blockchain-Based Architecture for Data Sharing in E-Health
Manel Boujelben, Mohammed A. Mohammed, Mohamed Nadhir Abid · 2025
Healthcare applications create an ecosystem that combine IoT networks, servers and intelligence to enable patient’s care and real time emergency services. This ecosystem faces many challenges as the high complexity, cost and security. This can be decreased by enhancing medical data management, utilization of strong cryptographic primitives, and blockchain platforms. In this context, we present a hierarchical system architecture which aims to preserve electronic health records security and privacy. Our security design is adapted to the defined clustered network architecture. For intra-cluster communication pattern, we propose a key sharing protocol which includes a registration phase, a login phase and a Diffie Hellman key agreement scheme. For inter-cluster communications, Hyperledger Fabric blockchain platform is used to ensure security and trust among different healthcare actors. Blockchain is a decentralized and transparent approach that enables data provenance, auditability, reliability, and trustworthy features. Additionally, EHR data is stored in a an off-chain decentralized database named InterPlanetary File System while keeping their hash stored in the blockchain ledger through the execution of smart contracts. The security strength of our proposal is analyzed to show its robustness in defending different security attacks such as masquerade, replay, and data sniffing attacks. Further, the performance analysis shows that the proposed blockchain-based solution ensures high network performances in terms of transactions latency and throughput outperforming existing protocols.