The IoT/IoE Integrated Security & Safety System of Pompeii Archeological Park
Alberto Bruni, Fabio Garzia · Applied Sciences · 2025
Pompeii is widely known for its tragic past. In 79 A.D., a massive eruption of Mount Vesuvius buried the city and its inhabitants under volcanic ash. Lost for centuries, it was rediscovered in 1748 when the Bourbon monarchs initiated excavations, marking the beginning of systematic digs. Since then, Pompeii has gained worldwide recognition for its archeological wonders. Despite centuries of looting and damage, it remains a breathtaking site. With millions of visitors annually, the Pompeii Archeological Park is the one most visited site in Italy. Managing such a vast and complex heritage site requires significant effort to ensure both visitor safety and the preservation of its fragile structures. Accessibility is also crucial, particularly for individuals with disabilities and staff responsible for site management. To address these challenges, integrated systems and advanced technologies like the Internet of Things/Everything (IoT/IoE) can provide innovative solutions. These technologies connect people, smart devices (such as mobile terminals, sensors, and wearables), and data to optimize security, safety, and site management. This paper presents a security/safety IoT/IoE-based system for security, safety, management, and visitor services at the Pompeii Archeological Park.