On-Chip Silicon Photonic Neural Networks Based on Thermally Tunable Microring Resonators for Recognition Tasks
Huan Zhang, Beiju Huang, Chuantong Cheng, Biao Jiang, Lei Bao, Yiyang Xie · Photonics · 2025
Leveraging the human brain as a paradigm of energy-efficient computation, considerable attention has been paid to photonic neurons and neural networks to achieve higher computing efficiency and lower energy consumption. This study experimentally demonstrates on-chip silicon photonic neurons and neural networks based on thermally tunable microring resonators (MRRs) implement weighting and nonlinear operations. The weight component consists of eight cascaded MRRs thermally tuned within wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) architecture. The nonlinear response depends on the MRR’s nonlinear transmission spectrum, which is analogous to the rectified linear unit (ReLU) function. The matrix multiplication and recognition task of digits 2, 3, and 5 represented by seven-segment digital tube are successfully completed by using the photonic neural networks constructed by the photonic neurons based on the on-chip thermally tunable MRR as the nonlinear units. The power consumption of the nonlinear unit was about 5.65 mW, with an extinction ratio of about 25 dB between different digits. The proposed photonic neural network is CMOS-compatible, which makes it easy to construct scalable and large-scale multilayer neural networks. These findings reveal that there is great potential for highly integrated and scalable neuromorphic photonic chips.