Artificial Intelligence and the Evolution of Security Engineering Attacks
Mohammed Samir Uddin · 2025
The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed cybersecurity, presenting opportunities for defence and rising threats from malicious actors. This paper explores AI's dual role in enhancing security defences and being weaponised by attackers. While traditional tools struggle to keep up, AI's capabilities in pattern detection and anomaly analysis make it vital for proactive defence. However, AI also presents weaknesses because cyberattacks utilise it for phishing, malware, and deepfakes. The report examines major AI technologies, identifies adversarial machine learning and privacy concerns as challenges, and proposes multidisciplinary research in the future to improve cybersecurity systems to be more resilient against AI-powered threats.