Agent-Based Modeling of Interactions Between the Centralized System and Prosumers Capable of Forming Coalitions
Evgeny A. Barakhtenko, Natalia Aizenberg, Gleb S. Mayorov · 2025
The research on the behavior of prosumers interacting with the centralized system and between themselves has been gaining momentum over the past few years. This is due to the increased number of prosumers, including those operating renewable energy sources, which greatly affects the existing energy systems. This calls for novel approaches so as to enable interactions between the centralized system and prosumers, as well as between prosumers themselves, and to apply cutting-edge tools to studying new energy system entities exhibiting complex behaviors. To this end, our study relies on multi-agent techniques to account for complex behaviors of energy system entities driven by their own interests by treating them as agents. The study contributes a bi-level hierarchical mathematical model of interactions between prosumers and a centralized system. We propose an architecture of the multi-agent system and an algorithm of agents' actions in this system, including agents of the centralized system, prosumers, and ordinary consumers. We also report the results of multiple simulations of our multi-agent model of such an integrated energy system. The scope of simulations covers various cases of coalitions formed by prosumers.