Quantum computing as an enabler for sustainable circular economy implementation in Industry 4.0: A study
Abdur Rahman Jami, Abid Haleem · Human Settlements and Sustainability · 2025
By making the best use of resources, reducing waste, and promoting environmental sustainability, combining the Circular Economy (CE) ideas with Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies can completely change how industries work. Even though this integration has huge potential, industries face computational capability and system complexity challenges. This makes it difficult to manage complex, interconnected systems and make them more circular. In this scenario, Quantum Computing (QC), which has the potential to process multi-dimensional datasets and solve complex optimisation problems quickly, can play a crucial role. Through a systematic literature review and theoretical framework development, this study investigates how QC can be a strategic enabler in the CE-I4.0 environment. It identifies key quantum technology applications in supply chain optimisation, energy efficiency, secure data ecosystems, and sustainable material innovation. The inclusion of some important pilot initiatives by global technology firms further illustrates the real-world feasibility of quantum technology. The proposed framework offers a comprehensive plan that includes integrating technology, engaging stakeholders, assessing scalability, and developing an implementation strategy. This approach serves as a guide for both industry professionals and policymakers. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first comprehensive study that systematically explores the integration of quantum computing within the CE-I4.0 ecosystem, highlighting its enabling potential across sustainability, digitalisation, and circular value creation. This research bridges theoretical advances in quantum computing with practical applications in sustainable industrial ecosystems, reinforcing its significance as a foundational pillar for future CE-I4.0 innovations.