Signal Acquisition and Preprocessing
Faridoddin Shariaty, Sanjiban Sekhar Roy · 2025
Efficient signal acquisition and preprocessing are critical for the performance of Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) systems. This chapter provides a comprehensive examination of the predominant brain signal acquisition techniques with a particular focus on Electroencephalography (EEG), which is renowned for its high temporal resolution and non-invasiveness, making it indispensable in real-time BCI applications. We discuss the methods and importance of EEG in capturing cognitive and motor responses, the relevance of electrode placement, and the subsequent signal preprocessing required to mitigate noise and artifacts. Furthermore, the chapter delves into the advantages and limitations of EEG, such as its cost-effectiveness and portability versus its susceptibility to various noise interferences, emphasizing the necessity for meticulous preprocessing to enhance signal quality. Through this exploration, the chapter aims to highlight the crucial aspects of EEG data handling that pave the way for the advancement of BCI technologies, ensuring accurate interpretation and response to neural signals.