Exploring Deep Learning Architectures for RF Signal Classification
Ladislav Polák, Samuel Turak, Roman Šotner, Jan Kufa, Roman Maršálek, Arvind Dhaka · 2025
Future 6G radio networks will heavily rely on deep learning (DL) models for both signal and data processing. DL-based solutions can be highly effective in classifying various radio frequency (RF) signals influenced by noise or intentional jamming as they are capable of recognizing patterns even under challenging conditions. This paper focuses on the classification of different RF signals using three DL-based models: CNN, GRU, and CGDNN. For this purpose, a dataset containing RF signals influenced by various impairments (e.g., I/Q-imbalance) and transmission conditions (e.g., multipath propagation) was created using MATLAB. Both the dataset and the source code have been made publicly available to support further research in this area. Preliminary results shown that the performance of DL-based approaches depends not only on the RF impairments considered but also on the preparation of the dataset.