A Review of Effective Image Watermarking Methods With Future Directions
Taha Basheer Taha · 2025
This paper reviews recent advancements in digital watermarking, focusing on transform domain techniques, perceptual mapping, and deep learningbased methods. Transform domain approaches enhance robustness against attacks, while perceptual mapping leverages the Human Visual System (HVS) to achieve high imperceptibility. Deep learning has revolutionized watermarking by automating embedding and extraction processes, improving adaptability and resilience. Additionally, hybrid methods combining these techniques are explored for their potential to unify strengths and address current limitations. The paper provides a comprehensive overview of these methods, highlights their applications, and discusses emerging trends and future directions in the field