MetaC Framework: Metacognitive Prompting for AI-Driven Coursework Assessment in Tertiary Education
Glaret Shirley Sinnappan, Nur Baiti Ismail Shauki, Wei Fong Cheng, Lee Wah Teh · 2025
This study develops the Metacognitive Prompting Framework to integrate AI generative tools into tertiary-level education. It focuses on enhancing metacognitive skills-specifically planning, monitoring, and evaluation-in the context of using AI tools for written assessments. The research employs Interactive Structural Modeling (ISM) to identify key strategies for improving these metacognitive skills with AI tools. A total of 21 experts from seven different faculties of a private Malaysian institution provided consensus on strategies for metacognitive thinking in written assessments. The findings highlight crucial strategies for prompting and refining AI tools to support students, promote responsible AI use, and foster critical thinking. This framework is designed to help students effectively leverage AI generative tools to improve their academic performance, critical thinking abilities, and structured feedback in diverse fields of study at the tertiary level.