Learning Nondeterministic Models
Malik Ghallab, Dana Nau, Paolo Traverso, Michela Milano · Cambridge University Press eBooks · 2025
Learning for nondeterministic models can take advantage of most of the techniques developed for probabilistic models (Chapter 10). Indeed, note that in reinforcement learning (RL), probabilities of action transitions are not needed, so RL techniques can be applied to nondeterministic models too. For instance, we can use the algorithms for Q-learning, parametric Q-learning, and deep Q-learning. However, these algorithms do not give explicit description models of actions. In this chapter, we therefore discuss some intuitions and also some challenges of how the techniques for learning deterministic action specifications could be extended to deal with nondeterministic models. Note, however, that learning lifted action schemas in nondeterministic models is still an open problem.