BERTing Emotions: Exploring Textual Emotion Recognition using NLP
Praveen Kumar R, Pannala Ramya, G.Sai Teja, V.Rama Krishna · 2025
Emotion recognition in text is a crucial area within Natural Language Processing (NLP), serving diverse applications such as sentiment analysis, mental health assessment, and human-computer interaction. This study explores the use of Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) for this purpose, capitalizing on its bidirectional transformer architecture to grasp intricate contextual relationships in text. By fine tuning a pretrained BERT model on a dataset annotated with emotional categories like happiness, sadness, anger, surprise, and fear, the model achieves precise emotion classification. BERT's pre-trained linguistic knowledge and ability to interpret complex semantic and syntactic patterns provide a strong foundation for this task. Experimental results demonstrate that BERT surpasses traditional machine learning approaches, including Support Vector Machines (SVM) and logistic regression, in terms of accuracy, owing to its advanced contextual embeddings. Additionally, the model exhibits excellent generalization capabilities across diverse emotional expressions, highlighting its effectiveness for emotion-aware NLP applications. This project also leverages Streamlit to develop interactive web applications that integrate NLP-based emotion detection, showcasing its practicality and accessibility for real-world use cases.